November 26 - A Nation's Gratitude: The First Presidential Thanksgiving
Cultivating Gratitude Through Godly Leadership
This is the day America celebrated its first national Thanksgiving Day in 1789.
In today's lesson, we will explore how George Washington's proclamation of the first national Thanksgiving Day demonstrates the profound impact of leadership in cultivating gratitude. How can those in positions of influence shape the spiritual climate of their communities? What role does thanksgiving play in effective leadership?
"Give thanks in all circumstances; for this is God's will for you in Christ Jesus." - 1 Thessalonians 5:18 (NIV)
This Date in History
On October 3, 1789, President George Washington walked into Federal Hall in New York City to issue a document that would mark a pivotal moment in American history: the first national Thanksgiving proclamation. Crafted at the behest of Congress, the proclamation called for a day of "public thanksgiving and prayer," uniting the fledgling nation in gratitude and reflection. This act transformed scattered local and regional thanksgiving traditions into a shared national observance, setting the stage for a uniquely American holiday.
The idea originated earlier that year when New Jersey Representative Elias Boudinot proposed a resolution asking Washington to declare a national day of thanksgiving. The timing was significant. The United States, only recently independent, had ratified its Constitution and elected its first president. The resolution sought to encourage Americans to pause and reflect on their achievements and blessings as a nation. Despite initial opposition from some congressmen—who questioned whether the federal government had the authority to declare such observances—Boudinot's proposal prevailed.
While many Americans today associate Thanksgiving with the 1621 harvest celebration of the Plymouth Pilgrims, thanksgiving observances had long existed in various forms across the colonies. These days of gratitude were typically proclaimed by religious or civil authorities to mark specific events, such as military victories, successful harvests, or the end of droughts. During the Revolutionary War, the Continental Congress issued several thanksgiving proclamations, encouraging prayer and gratitude for pivotal victories like the Battle of Saratoga. These practices laid the groundwork for Washington’s broader, more inclusive proclamation.
Washington’s 1789 proclamation was notable for its scope and intent. Rather than focusing on a single event or region, it called on all Americans to express gratitude for the peaceful ratification of the Constitution, the freedoms they enjoyed, and the "favorable interpositions of providence" that had guided the nation through a tumultuous revolution. The document also encouraged prayer for the forgiveness of national transgressions and the continued protection and prosperity of the United States.
Public response was overwhelmingly positive. Across the country, churches held special services, and communities organized feasts and gatherings. In New York City, Washington himself attended services at St. Paul’s Chapel, underscoring the spiritual dimension of the day. Notably, the president also demonstrated his personal commitment to the spirit of the proclamation by donating funds to aid imprisoned debtors.
The proclamation reflected Washington’s vision of a united nation, one that balanced its civil governance with shared values and traditions. By encouraging collective gratitude and reflection, it helped foster a sense of national identity at a crucial time in American history. Although the national Thanksgiving proclaimed by Washington was not yet an annual tradition, his proclamation set a precedent for future presidents. Successors such as John Adams and James Madison would issue similar proclamations during their terms.
The impact of Washington’s 1789 proclamation reverberated through American history. It provided a foundation for Thanksgiving’s eventual establishment as a recurring national observance. Nearly 75 years later, during the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln would draw on this precedent to proclaim a permanent annual Thanksgiving holiday in 1863, helping to unite the country in the midst of its greatest internal conflict.
Washington’s proclamation not only celebrated the achievements of the young republic but also underscored the importance of collective gratitude in shaping a shared national ethos. In doing so, it laid the groundwork for a tradition that continues to hold cultural and historical significance for Americans to this day.
Historical Context
The late 18th century marked a period of profound transformation in American governance and national identity. Following years of operating under the Articles of Confederation, which had proven inadequate for governing the young nation, America had undergone a remarkable political reformation with the creation and ratification of the Constitution. This transition represented more than a mere change in governing documents—it signified the birth of a truly unified nation.
Religious observances played a central role in American colonial and early national life. Throughout the colonial period and the Revolution, colonial and state governments regularly issued proclamations for days of fasting, prayer, and thanksgiving. These proclamations often responded to specific events—military victories, good harvests, or the end of epidemics. The Continental Congress had issued multiple thanksgiving proclamations during the Revolutionary War, including a celebration of the victory at Saratoga in 1777 and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1784.
The relationship between church and state was a matter of intense debate in early America. While the Constitution prohibited religious tests for office and the First Amendment would soon bar the establishment of religion, most Americans assumed that religious values would play a vital role in public life. Many of the Founding Fathers, including Washington, believed that religion and morality were essential foundations for republican government, even as they sought to protect religious liberty and prevent religious persecution.
The new federal government faced numerous challenges in 1789. The nation carried substantial war debt, Native American relations remained tense along the frontier, and political divisions that would later spawn the first party system were emerging. Despite ratification, the Constitution still had vocal opponents, and the first Congress was working to establish fundamental institutions of government, including the federal judiciary and executive departments.
In this context, Washington's Thanksgiving Proclamation represented more than a religious observance—it was an attempt to foster national unity through shared spiritual practice. The president sought to create traditions that would bind Americans together while respecting their diverse religious beliefs and regional customs.
Did You Know?
While Washington's 1789 proclamation established the first national Thanksgiving Day, Congress adopted President Lincoln's October 3, 1863 proclamation that made Thanksgiving a yearly national holiday, fixing it specifically as the last Thursday in November.
Today’s Reflection
Leadership tests the character of those who bear its mantle. When George Washington issued America's first national Thanksgiving proclamation, he demonstrated a profound understanding of a leader's role in shaping not just policies, but hearts. Rather than glorifying the nation's military triumph or his own ascension to power, he directed the entire country's gaze toward heaven.
Throughout Scripture, we see how godly leadership consistently points people toward gratitude. Moses led the Israelites in songs of thanksgiving after crossing the Red Sea. David appointed Levites specifically to lead in giving thanks before the ark of God. Nehemiah orchestrated elaborate thanksgiving celebrations during the wall's dedication. These leaders understood what Washington would later demonstrate—that gratitude isn't just an individual virtue but a collective spiritual discipline that must be cultivated.
The apostle Paul's words in 1 Thessalonians 5:18 echo through the centuries: "Give thanks in all circumstances; for this is God's will for you in Christ Jesus." This command wasn't merely personal guidance but was written to an entire church community. Leaders within that community would have been responsible for fostering an environment where such comprehensive thanksgiving could flourish.
Consider the timing of Washington's proclamation. The nation had emerged from a grueling war into the uncertainty of self-governance. The Constitution was newly ratified, and the government barely established. Yet instead of focusing solely on the overwhelming tasks ahead, Washington chose to pause and lead the nation in gratitude. This mirrors how Paul wrote his letter to the Thessalonians during their persecution, reminding them to give thanks even in difficulty, as noted in 1 Thessalonians 1:6.
Today's leaders face similar opportunities and obligations. Whether guiding a family, managing a workplace, shepherding a congregation, or educating young minds, leaders shape the spiritual atmosphere of their sphere of influence. When leaders model gratitude, it ripples through entire communities. Imagine a parent who starts each day by expressing thankfulness at the breakfast table—noticing the small blessings like a warm meal, a roof over their heads, or the beauty of a sunrise. That simple act teaches children to appreciate God's gifts, instilling a habit that will shape their hearts long after they leave home.
This spirit of gratitude is just as transformative in the workplace. A manager who takes time during meetings to acknowledge the efforts of their team, or who writes sincere notes of appreciation, fosters a culture that boosts morale and commitment. Employees are more likely to feel valued and motivated when they see their leaders practicing genuine thankfulness. In such an environment, the workplace becomes more than a place of transactions—it becomes a community that values each individual, ultimately transforming productivity into purpose.
In classrooms, a teacher who begins the school day by sharing something they're thankful for encourages students to develop a positive and appreciative outlook. These young minds learn that gratitude isn't limited to a religious context—it's a lens through which they can view their entire lives. When these lessons are modeled daily, students are more likely to carry a sense of wonder and thankfulness beyond the classroom.
In churches, pastors and ministry leaders who emphasize the importance of giving thanks, even during times of difficulty, can help their congregations view challenges through the lens of God's faithfulness. Public prayers that highlight God's goodness amidst struggles and testimonies of gratitude can encourage believers to see their own circumstances differently. When leaders in these different spheres model gratitude, they effectively sow seeds of joy and contentment in the hearts of those they guide. As Solomon observed in Proverbs 29:2, "When the righteous thrive, the people rejoice." Gratitude in leadership is about cultivating thriving hearts, which leads to rejoicing communities.
Washington's proclamation went beyond mere ceremony—it provided specific guidance for thanksgiving and prayer. He called for gratitude for religious liberty, civil government, and divine protection while also urging prayer for pardon of national transgressions. This comprehensive approach to thanksgiving reflects Paul's teaching in Philippians 4:6 about combining prayer and petition with thanksgiving.
The legacy of Washington's leadership in thanksgiving reaches far beyond a single day in 1789. It was a reminder that, in every season—whether faced with triumph or uncertainty—we have reasons to lift our hearts in gratitude. Today, we have the same opportunity. Let this example inspire us to cultivate thanksgiving in our homes, our workplaces, and our communities. Remember, gratitude doesn't just change our perspective; it transforms those around us. Whether you're leading a family, a team, a classroom, or a congregation, your choice to give thanks has the power to ripple through countless lives, pointing others back to the One who provides every good gift. Let us each strive to be leaders who, like Washington, guide those around us to pause, reflect, and give thanks to God, the true source of our blessings.
Practical Application
Take time this week to intentionally model thanksgiving in your sphere of influence. Start each meeting, class, or family gathering by expressing gratitude for something specific. Write three personal notes of appreciation to those you lead, explicitly thanking them for particular contributions or character qualities you've observed. Look for opportunities to redirect conversations toward gratitude, especially when facing challenges or discussing problems.
Closing Prayer
Heavenly Father,
We come before You today with hearts full of gratitude, recognizing that all blessings come from Your hand. Thank You for the leaders throughout history who have exemplified courage, integrity, and a desire to guide others toward You. We pray for the leaders of our nation today—grant them wisdom, humility, and a deep sense of justice. Help them to seek Your will above their own, and may they lead with the conviction that true strength comes from relying on You.
Lord, teach us all to be intentional in cultivating thanksgiving within our own circles. May our words and actions reflect Your love and inspire others to lift their eyes to Your goodness. Give us the courage to lead like Washington did, not for our own recognition, but to point others toward Your gracious provision.
Draw us closer to You as a nation. Let hearts across this country be stirred by Your Spirit, that we might turn away from selfish pursuits and instead pursue righteousness, unity, and peace. May our leadership and our lives become testimonies of Your countless blessings, and may we always give You the honor and praise.
In Jesus' name, we pray. Amen.
Supplementary Study
"I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all people— for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness."
This passage reinforces how thanksgiving should be part of our response to leadership, mirroring Washington's understanding that gratitude and governance are interconnected. It reminds us that expressing thanks for those in authority contributes to social harmony and spiritual well-being.
"Let them give thanks to the Lord for his unfailing love and his wonderful deeds for mankind, let them sacrifice thank offerings and tell of his works with songs of joy."
Like Washington's proclamation, this psalm calls for public expression of gratitude to God. It emphasizes that thanksgiving should be both personal and collective, involving active celebration and testimony of God's goodness.
"Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, since as members of one body you were called to peace. And be thankful. Let the message of Christ dwell among you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all wisdom through psalms, hymns, and songs from the Spirit, singing to God with gratitude in your hearts."
This scripture beautifully illustrates how thanksgiving creates unity within a community, showing that gratitude isn't just an individual practice but a collective expression that strengthens bonds between believers.
Final Thoughts
Washington's proclamation of the first national Thanksgiving reflects a profound understanding of how leadership can shape a culture of gratitude. His choice to use his authority to direct the nation's focus toward divine providence rather than human achievement provides a timeless model for leadership. When those in positions of influence prioritize thanksgiving, they create ripple effects that transform families, workplaces, churches, and communities. As we consider our own spheres of influence, may we recognize that cultivating gratitude isn't just a personal practice—it's a leadership responsibility that can impact generations to come.
Community Engagement
Share your thoughts or use these questions to get the conversation started.
What aspects of Washington's Thanksgiving proclamation most surprise or interest you?
In what ways have you seen leaders in your life model and encourage gratitude?
How might regularly practicing thanksgiving change the way you approach your own leadership responsibilities?
What specific steps could you take this week to foster an atmosphere of gratitude in your sphere of influence?
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In tomorrow's lesson, we'll discover how one man's quest for amusement led to unprecedented chaos in a major city, teaching us valuable lessons about the true source of joy. Through this historical event, we'll explore the profound difference between temporary entertainment and lasting fulfillment found in serving others.
Bonus - Did You Know?
Benjamin Franklin initially opposed the bald eagle as America's national symbol, preferring the turkey, which he considered "a much more respectable Bird" - an interesting connection to what would become America's quintessential Thanksgiving dish.
The text of Washington's Thanksgiving Proclamation was lost for over 100 years until it was rediscovered in 1921 by Dr. J. C. Fitzpatrick among the papers of Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, in New York.
Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson opposed the Thanksgiving proclamation, believing it violated the First Amendment's establishment clause and separation of church and state.
While New England already had a strong tradition of autumn thanksgiving celebrations, many Southerners initially viewed Thanksgiving with suspicion as a Northern custom and resisted its adoption.
Washington issued his proclamation from New York City because it was serving as the nation's temporary capital; Philadelphia would become the capital the following year.
Washington chose Thursday for the celebration because it was far enough from the Christian sabbath to avoid religious conflicts while still allowing time for church services and community gatherings.
Additional Resources
Washington's Sacred Fire - Peter A. Lillback
George Washington's Sacred Fire - Peter Lillback and Jerry Newcombe
Thanksgiving: An American Holiday, An American History - Diana Karter Appelbaum
The First Thanksgiving: What the Real Story Tells Us About Loving God and Learning from History - Robert Tracy McKenzie
I love this powerful, pertinent portrayal of George Washington’s proclamation. I actually made me cry with gratitude for God giving us such a wonderful leader at such a crucial moment in our history. He demonstrated the ethical foundation of his life at an early age in compiling a list of the virtues and disciplines he
This faith-inspired action by President Washington clearly points to the spiritual- and biblical-based roots of this country's leaders. With the many creature comforts we have in the 21st century, it makes it all the easier to overlook the many things for which we should be thankful. For me, God's ways always simplify the priorities of life. My favorite radio newscaster of all time is Paul Harvey, and one of his best essays is called, "Dirt Roads." Here's one link to that insightful essay. https://famguardian.org/Subjects/FamilyIssues/Articles/DirtRoads/Dirt-Roads.htm